Quantum Spin can be
explained by a process of spherical symmetry forming and breaking with the
process relative to the spherical surface. The electron is a half spin particle
because the process is relative to the radius that is half the diameter of the
sphere. It is because we have to square the radius r² to find the spherical
surface area that so many properties are squared in the mathematics as in
t², c², e², ψ² and velocity v² as in
kinetic Eₖ=½mv² energy.
This would be easier to
see if we did not use the reduced Planck Constant ħ or h bar but instead used
ħ=h/2π. We would then have 2π representing the spherical diameter with the
spacing between spin states being h bar.
Because an interior of
a sphere 4π is naturally three dimensional at any given moment in time, these
spin states can be thought of as a combination pointing in each of our three
dimensions.
When the electron is
not interacting with anything, and we are not making any measurements there is
only uncertainty ∆×∆pᵪ≥h/4π of what the angular momentum is.
The diagram in the
video represents light photon ∆E=hf energy interacting with the electron. Because charge is an innate part of all matter
when we make a measurement, it is basically the same interaction.
The moment we make an
observation by interacting with the electron of an atom the direction or
angular momentum will change to one of the quantum states where it is known
with 100% certainty.
In this theory, this
represents a probabilistic future unfolding with the exchange of photon ∆E=hf energy.
The photon and electron
are different aspects of the same geometrical process; photons being spin one
particle represent spherical symmetry. The electron having half spin represents
the spherical symmetry breaking forming the potential for the broken imperfect
symmetry of our everyday three-dimensional life.
The continuous exchange
of photon energy forms our ever-changing world that we measure as a ‘period of
time’ relative to the atoms of the periodic table.
But above all this
process forms a probabilistic future that is relative to the energy and
momentum of our actions.
There is a direction to
‘time’ the spontaneous absorption and emission of light photon ∆E=hf energy is
continuously forming potential photon energy into the kinetic energy of
electrons. Kinetic Eₖ=½mv² energy is the energy of what is actually happening.
The wave particle duality of light and matter in the form of electrons is
forming a blank canvas for us (atoms) to interact with; we have waves over a ‘period
of time’ with particles characteristics as an uncertain future unfolds. Within
each reference frame, the absorption of light always comes before the emission
forming an Arrow of Time for the
object or life form of that reference frame.
The mathematics of
quantum mechanics represents the physics of time with classical physics
represents processes over a ‘period of time’ as in Newton's differential
equations. We have to square the wave-function Ψ² representing the radius being
squared r² because the process is relative to the two-dimensional spherical 4π
surface. We then see 4π in Heisenberg’s
Uncertainty Principle ∆×∆pᵪ≥h/4π representing our probabilistic temporal
three dimensions life. The charge of the electron e² and the speed of light c²
are both squared for the same geometrical reason. This process forms a
continuous exchange of energy forming what we experience as the continuous
passage of time.
Bosons (photons) are
particles whose wave function is symmetric (spherical) under such an exchange
or permutation, so if we swap the particles, the wave-function does not change.
Fermions (electrons) are particles whose wave-function is antisymmetric, so
under such a swap the wave-function gets a minus sign, meaning that the
amplitude for two identical fermions to occupy the same state must be zero.
This is the Pauli Exclusion Principle:
two identical fermions cannot occupy the same state.
This gives rise to the
structure and complexity of our three dimensions with this process forming intrinsic
magnetic moments that give rise to the macroscopic effects of magnetism, electric
charges, such as electric currents and other phenomena, such as electron
paramagnetic resonance.
The spherical surface
forms a dynamic two-dimensional manifold for the movement of positive and
negative charge. This two-dimensional manifold also forms the two-dimensional
aspect within each reference frame in the form of a past and uncertain future, the
so-called four dimension of time that we have in Special Relativity. Whenever there is change in our everyday life
there is the movement of charge. When object touch it is charge that makes
contact and when the bonds between the atoms form and break, there is an
exchange of photon energy with the movement of charge. We have an uncertain
future continuously unfolding with each photon electron coupling of dipole
moment.
A process of spherical
4π symmetry forming and breaking would also form the potential for entropy or
disorganization with a built-in potential forever-greater symmetry formation
that we see in the complexity of cell life and in the potential forever more abstract
mathematics.
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